During pregnancy, various tests and screenings are performed to monitor the health and development of both the mother and the baby. These tests help healthcare providers identify potential complications, assess risk factors, and ensure optimal care throughout the pregnancy journey. In this comprehensive overview, we’ll explore the different types of tests performed during pregnancy, their purposes, and what to expect during each stage of testing.
First Trimester Tests:
During the first trimester of pregnancy, several tests are typically performed to assess the mother’s health and screen for potential chromosomal abnormalities in the baby. These tests may include:
- Blood Tests: Blood tests are used to measure levels of certain hormones and proteins that can indicate the risk of chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome and neural tube defects. Common blood tests include the first-trimester screening and the cell-free fetal DNA test (cfDNA), also known as non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).
- Ultrasound: An ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging test that uses sound waves to create images of the baby and the uterus. During the first trimester, an ultrasound may be performed to confirm the pregnancy, estimate the gestational age, and assess the baby’s development.
- Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): CVS is a diagnostic test performed between 10 and 13 weeks of pregnancy to detect chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders in the baby. During CVS, a small sample of placental tissue is collected and analyzed for genetic abnormalities.
Second Trimester Tests:
In the second trimester of pregnancy, additional tests may be performed to further assess the baby’s development and screen for potential complications. These tests may include:
- Maternal Serum Alpha–Fetoprotein (MSAFP) Test: The MSAFP test is a blood test performed between 15 and 20 weeks of pregnancy to screen for neural tube defects and other chromosomal abnormalities. Abnormal levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the mother’s blood may indicate a higher risk of these conditions.
- Quadruple Screen Test: The quadruple screen test, also known as the quad screen, is a blood test performed between 15 and 20 weeks of pregnancy to screen for chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome and neural tube defects. The test measures levels of AFP, hCG, estriol, and inhibin-A in the mother’s blood.
- Anatomy Ultrasound: An anatomy ultrasound is a detailed ultrasound performed between 18 and 22 weeks of pregnancy to assess the baby’s growth and development. During this ultrasound, the healthcare provider will examine the baby’s organs, limbs, and overall anatomy to ensure everything is developing as expected.
Third Trimester Tests:
In the third trimester of pregnancy, tests are focused on monitoring the baby’s well-being and preparing for labor and delivery. These tests may include:
- Fetal Movement Counting: Fetal movement counting involves tracking the baby’s movements, also known as kick counts, to assess fetal well-being. Healthcare providers may recommend monitoring fetal movements regularly in the third trimester and reporting any significant changes or decrease in movement.
- Group B Streptococcus (GBS) Screening: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a type of bacteria that can be present in the mother’s vagina and rectum. Between 35 and 37 weeks of pregnancy, healthcare providers perform a swab test to screen for GBS colonization. If GBS is detected, antibiotics may be administered during labor to reduce the risk of newborn infection.
- Biophysical Profile (BPP): A biophysical profile is a non-invasive test performed in the third trimester to assess the baby’s well-being and overall health. The test evaluates fetal movement, breathing, muscle tone, amniotic fluid levels, and heart rate patterns using ultrasound and fetal monitoring techniques.
Tests performed during pregnancy play a crucial role in monitoring the health and development of both the mother and the baby. From screening for chromosomal abnormalities to assessing fetal well-being and preparing for labor and delivery, these tests provide valuable information that guides healthcare providers in providing optimal care throughout the pregnancy journey. If you have any questions or concerns about pregnancy testing, don’t hesitate to discuss them with your healthcare provider for personalized guidance and support.
The Stork Bag first trimester gift boxes include a useful appointment booklet for your pregnancy journey. These booklets and other pregnancy related items can also be found at www.jlmaternity.ca
Love,
The Stork Bag Team